Typologia naturalnych krajobrazów efemerycznych w świetle dotychczasowych badań

The typology of natural ephemeral landscapes in the context of the preceding research

Summary: Although the relations between landscape and certain human activities are well recognised in landscape ecology literature, main emphasis is put on stable landscape features. This article, by contrast, focuses on ephemeral landscapes which are defined as the ones consisted of phenomena and features of a changeable character (Brassley 1998). It can be assumed that the phenomena, even of same type, construct a different ephemeral landscape each time. However, despite their evanescence and irregular occurrence (Palang et al. 2007), they still need to be investigated due to their significant role in perception of the whole landscape and its evaluation for different functions (Brassley 1998). The article also refers to substantial theoretical connotations of landscape ephemera and multi-sensory model of perception. The link can be easily recognised in tourism management because a complexity of several landscape ephemera's features strongly influences visitor preferences of certain regions (Huang 2013). Due to stated selective and superficial recognition of the problem, authors' main aim was to propose a novel typology of natural-caused landscape ephemera based on a detailed literature review. In the typology, the visually dominant genetic factor criterion was used. Therefore, there were distinguished landscape ephemera mainly connected with: (1) astronomical factors, (2) weather conditions, (3) endogenic, (4) geomorphologic, (5) hydrological processes, (6) biological and (7) joint ephemeral factors (tab. 1). The typology also reflects different economic and social roles of landscapes assigned to particular groups - e.g. astronomical phenomena, due to their relatively higher predictability, can constitute a core of specific tourist products, while endogenic ones are often perceived as a danger and disruption of a trip (Yang et al. 2008). The authors confirmed considerable inequality in a recognition degree of landscape ephemera of different types. Symptomatically, there are only a few works which present an issue in a complex way. The stress is often put on the short-lasting phenomena itself while there are some durable processes (e.g. aeolian) which can also subconstruct certain landscape ephemera (e.g. ripplemarks). Undoubtedly, there are still many cognitive gaps connected with presented subject which are strongly needed to be filled because of its potential applied role. An influence of landscape ephemera on creating local identity and resident's embeddedness is of an example.

Słowa kluczowe: krajobraz efemeryczny, zjawiska efemeryczne, typologia krajobrazu, percepcja krajobrazu

Słowa kluczowe (w języku angielskim): ephemeral landscape, landscape ephemera, landscape typology, landscape perception

Krąż P. (red.), 2014, Współczesne problemy i kierunki badawcze w geografii. tom 2, IGiGP UJ, Kraków, s. 77-101.

Instytut Geografii i Gospodarki Przestrzennej UJ

ISBN 978-83-64089-07-7

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